Hang En Cave, located in the heart of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, is one of the most impressive caves in Vietnam and the third-largest in the world. What truly makes this cave stand out is the incredible campsite inside, nestled amidst the towering cave walls and an emerald-colored lake. Hang En is a dream destination for adventurers and nature lovers, offering a unique caving experience that also includes jungle trekking and a glimpse into local village life.
- History & Discovery
- Inside Hang En Cave
- Hang En Cave – Expedition Tour
- Highlights of the Hang En Cave tour
- How to get there?
- Tips for Visiting Hang En Cave
- Booking a Phong Nha caving expedtions
History & Discovery
The Origin of the Name
Hang En Cave gets its name from the Vietnamese word “En,” which means “swallow.” The cave has long been a nesting site for thousands of swifts, a spectacle that can be observed during their nesting season. Early in the morning or late in the evening, the sight of streams of swifts flying to and from the cave is breathtaking. Locals named the cave after these birds due to their significant presence, making Hang En a vital part of the region’s ecosystem.
The Discovery of Hang En
Hang En Cave was known to the indigenous Arem people for hundreds of years. These nomadic people used the cave as a shelter and hunting ground, relying on its resources for food and survival. With remarkable climbing skills, they would scale the cave walls using natural ladders made from branches and vines to collect swift nests, which were a staple of their diet.
In 1990, Ho Khanh, a local wood hunter, stumbled upon Hang En during his search for fragrant wood in the jungle. However, it wasn’t until 1994 that British and Vietnamese cave explorers from the British Cave Research Association officially surveyed and mapped the cave. Since then, Hang En has become known worldwide, offering adventurers a chance to explore this ancient cave and its stunning interior.
Inside Hang En Cave
Geology and Formation
Hang En Cave is part of the same geological system as Hang Son Doong, located in the oldest karst mountain range in Asia, estimated to be around 400 to 450 million years old. The cave itself is relatively young, formed 2 to 3 million years ago by the flow of the Rao Thuong River, which still runs through the cave today. Over time, the river eroded the limestone, carving out Hang En’s massive chambers.
The cave has three entrances: one large entrance where sunlight streams in between December and March, and two smaller entrances that visitors typically use for exploration. From one of these entrances, the path continues to Son Doong Cave, which is just 3 kilometers away.
The Ecosystem Inside the Cave
Despite its rugged terrain and dark interiors, Hang En Cave supports a fascinating ecosystem. The temperature inside the cave ranges from 20 to 25°C, similar to the climate outside. At the cave’s larger entrances, you may spot monkeys, squirrels, and langurs. Swifts continue to nest high in the cave ceilings, and at dusk, you might even see flying foxes hunting for food.
Deeper into the cave, where light is scarce, you’ll encounter bats and a variety of cave-dwelling insects like centipedes and pseudoscorpions. While plants can’t grow deep inside the cave, moss, algae, and fungi thrive near the cave’s entrances, creating a green contrast against the rocky walls.
Hang En Cave – Expedition tour
The only way to explore Hang En Cave is by joining a guided expedition. These tours typically last two days and one night, combining an exciting journey through the jungle with an unforgettable camping experience inside the cave. Visitors are guided by expert tour operators, ensuring both safety and an immersive experience in this remote region of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park.
Adventure Level
The Hang En Cave Adventure Tour is considered moderately challenging. The trek covers around 25 kilometers of mountain paths, with some steep ascents and descents. You’ll cross rivers multiple times and walk through jungle terrain before reaching the cave. Inside the cave, you’ll explore about 3 kilometers of passages, adding a sense of adventure to the journey. While not the most extreme trek in Phong Nha, the tour does require a decent level of fitness and stamina to complete.
Physical Fitness Requirements
This tour is best suited for those with trekking experience and good physical health. To participate, you should be able to trek 8 to 10 kilometers a day, manage steep terrains, and have some prior experience with outdoor activities like hiking or camping. While the trek is doable for most active people, it may be challenging for those not used to long walks or rugged conditions. The minimum age for participation is 16, and guests up to 70 years old can join if they meet the physical requirements.
Campsite Experience
One of the highlights of the Hang En tour is the campsite, located 700 meters inside the cave. This campsite is considered one of the most unique in the world, set on a sandy beach with a turquoise lake at its center. On clear nights, visitors can stargaze from inside the cave, and from December to February, sunlight sometimes streams into the cave, creating a magical atmosphere.
Tour Price and Availability
The Hang En Cave tour typically costs around 7,600,000 VND (~$317 USD) per person. The cave is open for tours from December to mid-September, with tours available a few times a week. Due to the cave’s remote location and limited access, spots fill up quickly, so it’s recommended to book well in advance.
Highlights of the Hang En Cave tour
1. World’s Most Unique Campsite
The campsite inside Hang En is one of the most remarkable features of the tour. Located on a soft sandy beach next to a turquoise lake, the campsite is surrounded by towering cave walls.
The area receives natural light from the cave’s large entrance, especially between December and February when sunlight illuminates the inside of the cave, creating a stunning scene. At night, you can enjoy stargazing or moonlit skies from within the cave, making this one of the most unique campsites in the world.
2. Swim in the Emerald-Colored Lake
Right next to the campsite is a crystal-clear lake where visitors can cool off after a day of trekking. The water is refreshingly cool in the summer and slightly warmer in the winter due to the Rao Thuong River, which flows through the cave. The lake offers a perfect spot to relax and take in the peaceful surroundings after an adventurous day.
3. Massive Cave Chambers
Hang En is nearly 1.6 kilometers long and is considered one of the largest caves in the world. The chamber where the campsite is located reaches a width of about 200 meters and a height of 140 meters, creating an awe-inspiring space. Walking through the massive chambers, you’ll feel a sense of wonder at the sheer scale of this natural formation.
4. Trekking Through the Jungle
Before reaching Hang En, the adventure begins with a trek through the lush jungle of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park. You’ll walk under the shade of ancient trees and cross rivers, with the sounds of wildlife all around you. This trek immerses you in the natural beauty of the park, making the journey to Hang En as exciting as the destination itself.
5. Experience Doong Village
As part of the Hang En Cave tour, you’ll make a stop at Doong Village, home to the Bru Van Kieu ethnic people. This remote village is located deep in the jungle, and you’ll have the opportunity to learn about their traditional way of life, visit their homes, and enjoy a meal. This cultural encounter is a unique aspect of the Hang En tour, giving you insight into the local community’s history and traditions.
How to get there?
Hang En Cave is located in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, a remote region in central Vietnam. Getting to Hang En involves several steps, starting with reaching the nearest town, Son Trach, and then joining a guided tour to the cave.
1. Getting to Phong Nha National Park
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park is situated in central Vietnam, roughly halfway between Hanoi and Da Nang. It’s a bit isolated, so there are only a few transportation options available:
- Bus: There are direct buses from nearby cities like Hue and Ninh Binh that travel to Son Trach Town, which serves as the gateway to the park.
- Train: You can take the train to Dong Hoi, the nearest city with a train station. From Dong Hoi, you can arrange a bus or private transfer to Son Trach.
- Flights: Dong Hoi also has a small airport with domestic flights arriving from Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. After landing, you can take a bus or car transfer to reach Son Trach.
2. Getting to Hang En Cave
Hang En Cave can only be visited on a guided tour, and these tours depart from Son Trach Town. The tour includes transportation to the starting point of the trek, where you’ll begin your journey into the jungle. The trek to the cave involves hiking through dense forests and crossing rivers, and is led by experienced guides who ensure your safety throughout the adventure.
Tips for Visiting Hang En Cave
1. Book Well in Advance
Due to the limited availability and popularity of the Hang En Cave tour, it’s essential to book your spot well in advance. The cave is only open for tours from December to mid-September, and spaces fill up quickly, especially during peak months. Make sure to plan your trip early to avoid disappointment.
2. Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to visit Hang En Cave is from December to March when the weather is cooler, and sunlight occasionally filters into the cave. From April to September, the warmer months make for a more comfortable trekking experience but come prepared for higher temperatures. The cave is closed during the rainy season from mid-September to November due to the risk of flooding.
3. Physical Fitness
While the Hang En trek isn’t the most extreme adventure in Phong Nha, it still requires a moderate level of fitness. Be prepared for long walks on uneven terrain, crossing rivers, and trekking through the jungle. Regular exercise leading up to the tour will help ensure you’re in good condition to fully enjoy the experience.
4. Pack the Right Gear
Trekking in the jungle and camping inside a cave require some essential gear. Here are a few key items to bring:
- Lightweight, quick-dry clothing for the trek.
- A waterproof jacket if you’re visiting in the cooler months (December to March).
- Comfortable, sturdy trekking shoes with good grip. Avoid waterproof shoes as they get heavy when wet.
- Swimwear for swimming in the cave’s lake.
- A backpack for carrying your essentials during the trek.
- Personal hygiene items, including eco-friendly soap, sunscreen, and mosquito repellent.
- Cash for any additional purchases in town or on the tour.
5. Respect the Environment
Hang En is located in a protected national park, so it’s essential to follow Leave No Trace principles. Don’t leave behind any waste, and respect the cave’s ecosystem. Your guides will help ensure that the tour is conducted in an environmentally responsible way, but it’s important to do your part as well.
Booking a Phong Nha caving expedtions
If you’re eager to explore Hang En Cave or any of the other incredible caves in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, we at Local Vietnam can help you plan the perfect adventure. As specialists in Vietnam travel, we know all the best options for caving expeditions, from guided treks to multi-day cave tours that fit your time, budget, and fitness level.
For the Hang En Cave adventure, we work with official licensed tour operators to ensure your safety and enjoyment. With a focus on small group sizes, expert guides, and responsible tourism, we ensure that you’ll have an unforgettable experience in Vietnam’s most stunning landscapes.
In addition to caving, we can also create a custom itinerary for your entire trip, including transportation, accommodations, and other adventures in and around Phong Nha. Whether you’re looking for a complete Vietnam tour with Phong Nha as one stop or a focused caving experience, we’ll match you with the right tour and guide to make the most of your visit.
Ready to start planning your trip? Request a Phong Nha tour or contact us for a custom Vietnam itinerary today!
